Operating expenses
HOA Fees
Monthly homeowners association dues, if applicable. Often covers exterior maintenance, common-area landscaping, and shared amenities.
Why HOA Fees matters
HOAs are an expense killer in many condo/townhome deals. They go UP, never down, and special assessments can hit $5-20k. Always pull the HOA's last 2 years of financials + reserve study before buying a condo as an investment.